Who wrote Acts?
Luke's name does not appear in Acts or Luke
Luke's name is attached to the Gospel of Luke in the earliest
manuscripts.
Luke 1:1-4 and Acts 1:1 are both addressed to Theophilus
Luke 1:1-4
Inasmuch as many have undertaken to compile a narrative of the
things that have been accomplished among us, just as those who from
the beginning were eyewitnesses and ministers of the word have
delivered them to us, it seemed good to me also, having followed all
things closely for some time past, to write an orderly account for
you, most excellent Theophilus, that you may have certainty
concerning the things you have been taught.
Acts 1:1
In the first book, O Theophilus, I have dealt with all that Jesus
began to do and teach...
Early church fathers attribute Acts to Luke
By process of elimination - Acts mentions every other possible
candidate in the third person
Who is Luke?
Companion of Paul
Philemon 24, "and so do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, and Luke, my
fellow workers."
Physician
Colossians 4:14, "Luke the beloved physician greets you, as does
Demas."
Gentile
Colossians 4:10-11, "Aristarchus my fellow prisoner greets you, and
Mark the cousin of Barnabas (concerning whom you have received
instructions—if he comes to you, welcome him), and Jesus who is
called Justus. These are the only men of the circumcision among my
fellow workers for the kingdom of God, and they have been a comfort
to me."
Author of Gospel of Luke
When was Acts written?
Before AD 70 - temple was still standing
Before Paul was martyred - AD 68
No indication of Jewish war (AD 66) or Nero's persecution (AD 64)
James, brother of Jesus still alive (AD 62)
After gentiles started coming the faith (AD 54)
Paul came to Rome AD 60
Acts mentions he was there 2 years (Acts 28:30)
AD 61 - 62 is likely date, while Paul was in prison at Rome.
To whom was Acts written?
Theophilus - lover of God
Likely a greek and person of rank (most excellent)
Possibly any greek who loved God.
Perhaps legal brief in defense of Paul.
To us.
Why was Acts written?
History - records the first 30 years of the Christian church.
Spiritual - confirms the faith of Theophilus
Legal - explains Paul's journeys, not a traitor to Rome
Polemical - Paul not an apostate from Judaism.
Ecclesiastical - unity of Church in doctrine of Apostles.
Missional - provides an accurate account of the early church
Apologetical - God authenticated early church through miracles
What is Acts about?
Palm 110:1
The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your
enemies your footstool.”
We see this start in Acts 1:9
This verse is quoted in Acts 2:34-36
We see Jesus beginning to make his enemies his footstool
Nature of an Epistle
A letter written by an apostle or a close associate of an apostle.
Missiological
Missionary letters - written to encourage church growth.
Encourage the church to continue in the faith.
Intended for a wide audience.
Literary
Author
Secretary
Carrier
Recipient
Salutation & Greeting
Nature of an Epistle
Canonical
While epistles are unique to the New Testament, like other Biblical
writings they were inspired by God and intended for the edification
of his church.
Peter had letters of Paul that he considered scripture
2 Peter 3:15-16
And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved
brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him, as
he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters.
There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the
ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the
other Scriptures.
Paul considered all scripture inspired by God
2 Timothy 3:16
All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching,
for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness...
Nature of an Epistle
Doctrinal/Practical
The epistles will generally address both doctrinal issues and
pratical application of God's work to all of life. Often they will
start with doctrine and conclude with application. Some epistles are
almost divided in the middle with doctrine vs application.
Geographical
The epistles were addressed to real churches in real cities that the
apostles or others believers had reached with the gospel.
The Classification of Paul's Epistles
Eschatological
1 & 2 Thessalonians - second missionary journey
Soteriological
Galatians, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Romans - third missionary journey
Ecclesiological
Ephesians, Colossians, Philemon, and Philippians - first
imprisonment
Pastoral
1 Timothy, Titus (between imprisonments), 2 Timothy (second
imprisonment)